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Understanding How Monthly Pensions Are Paid To Retirees Under Contributory Pension Scheme In Nigeria

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The Contributory Pension Scheme (CPS) was introduced in Nigeria as part of the Pension Reform Act of 2004 to ensure sustainable and transparent pension administration. For retirees under the CPS, understanding how monthly pensions are paid, how pensions are calculated, and how enhancements can be made over time is crucial. Below is a detailed breakdown of these processes.
How Monthly Pensions Are Paid
Retirees under the CPS have two primary options for receiving their monthly pensions: Programmed Withdrawal and Annuity. Programmed Withdrawal is managed by Pension Fund Administrators (PFAs) and involves structured monthly payments drawn from the retiree’s Retirement Savings Account (RSA). Annuity is a life insurance product purchased from an insurance company, ensuring steady monthly payments for life. The disbursement process depends on the type of benefit being accessed. For example, Programmed Withdrawal involves monthly payments structured over the retiree’s expected lifespan. The 25% Loss of Job benefit allows employees who lose their jobs and remain unemployed for at least four months to access 25% of their RSA balance. The 25% Equity Mortgage benefit allows a portion of the RSA to be used as equity contribution for a mortgage, subject to specific conditions. For Death Benefits, the RSA balance is paid to the designated beneficiaries. All disbursements start with the customer completing the necessary documentation for the benefit type, obtaining approval from PenCom, and then receiving payment. The National Pension Commission (PenCom) has oversight over all pension disbursements to ensure compliance, transparency, and accuracy.
How Pensions Are Calculated
The calculation of monthly pensions depends on several factors. First, the balance in the RSA is a key determinant, which includes contributions made by both the employee and employer, plus accrued investment returns, forming the total RSA balance at retirement. Second, life expectancy assumptions are made, and PenCom periodically determines the average life expectancy used in calculating the programmed withdrawal. Third, retirees can withdraw up to 25% of their RSA balance as a lump sum, provided the remaining balance can fund a reasonable monthly pension. The monthly pension under Programmed Withdrawal is calculated using the formula: Monthly Pension = RSA Balance / Number of Expected Monthly Payments (Life Expectancy in Months). For example, if a retiree has an RSA balance of ₦10 million and a life expectancy of 20 years (240 months), the monthly pension will be approximately ₦41,667 at the start of the programmed withdrawal. For retirees choosing annuities, the insurance company determines the monthly pension based on the purchase price, interest rates, and life expectancy.
Conditions for the Calculations
Pensions are calculated only when the individual has reached the statutory retirement age of 60 years or has completed 35 years of service. Individuals who retire before the statutory age may access their RSA balance but must meet specific conditions, such as being out of employment for at least four months. In the event of the retiree’s death, the remaining RSA balance is paid to the designated beneficiaries.
Impact of the New National Minimum Wage on Pensions
In line with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s approval of the new National Minimum Wage Act, which increased the wage from ₦30,000 to ₦70,000, PenCom has updated its regulations. If a retiree’s monthly or quarterly pension is less than ₦23,333.33 (one-third of the current minimum wage), they are allowed to withdraw their RSA balance en bloc or continue receiving their current pensions pending the commencement of the Minimum Pension GuarantePension Fund Administrators (PFAs) must now use ₦70,000 as the basis for processing retirement benefits under the relevant provisions. This adjustment reflects the commitment to ensuring retirees receive adequate support to meet basic living standards.
Understanding Basic Lump-Sum Withdrawals
Retirees can withdraw a portion of their RSA balance as a lump sum, subject to PenCom’s regulations. The lump-sum amount is determined such that the remaining RSA balance can provide a monthly pension of at least 50% of the retiree’s last monthly basic salary. This provides immediate liquidity for retirees to address pressing financial needs, such as settling outstanding debts or making investments. However, taking a larger lump sum reduces the RSA balance available for monthly pensions.

Movement in Fund Unit Prices and Associated Fees
The fund’s unit price fluctuates based on market conditions and the performance of the underlying investments during the period under consideration. The returns for the fund are calculated after deducting audit fees and management fees. Management fees comprise fees charged by the PFA, Pension Fund Custodian (PFC), and PenCom. These fees vary depending on the specific fund and are calculated either on the Net Asset Value (NAV) or as income-based (derived from income generated by the fund during the period), as is the case with Fund IV.
Enhancing Monthly Pensions Over Time
To ensure that retirees receive improved monthly pensions, several measures can be implemented within the CPS. First, PFAs should adopt robust asset allocation strategies to maximize returns on pension funds, particularly by diversifying investments into infrastructure, real estate, and other high-yield sectors. Second, encouraging voluntary contributions during active employment can significantly boost the RSA balance at retirement. Third, employers can enhance an employee’s pension beyond the 10% statutory requirement. In addition, lowering fees and charges associated with RSA management will leave more funds available for disbursement to retirees. Fourth, introducing a mechanism to adjust pensions in line with inflation can maintain retirees’ purchasing power. Fifth, educating employees about the benefits of making additional voluntary contributions and starting early savings is crucial. Finally, offering incentives for employees who delay retirement allows them to accumulate more savings and reduce the strain on their RSA.
The CPS provides a structured framework for ensuring retirees’ financial security. Understanding how monthly pensions are paid, calculated, and enhanced can help individuals plan effectively for retirement. By implementing measures to boost RSA balances, optimize investment returns, and reduce fees, the CPS can continue to deliver sustainable and improved pensions, providing dignity and financial independence for retirees.

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Leadway Assurance Company has announced the appointment of Mrs. Adebisi Lamikanra as the new Chairperson of the Board, following the tenure expiration and formal retirement of General (Rtd) Martin Luther Agwai, who has served as Board Chairman since November 2016.

A Chartered Accountant and Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN), Mrs. Lamikanra brings about four decades of exceptional leadership and advisory experience to the role.
She was a Partner at Andersen Nigeria and made history as the first female Partner at KPMG Nigeria, where she retired as Head of Advisory Services and Lead for the African Region Advisory Practice.

Her career has been defined by strategic consultancy to leading local and multinational organisations across sectors. An alumna of the University of Lagos and the Lagos Business School, she has also honed her leadership skills through advanced executive programs at Harvard Business School, INSEAD University, and the Kellogg School of Management.

Mrs. Lamikanra currently serves on the boards of Standard Chartered Bank Nigeria, Evercare Hospital Lekki, and Nestle Nigeria, where her governance acumen and cross-sector insights continue to shape corporate excellence.

Speaking on the appointment, the outgoing Chairman expressed his confidence in Mrs. Lamikanra’s leadership, stating, “It has been a profound honour to serve Leadway Assurance, a company that continues to define trust and innovation in Nigeria’s financial services sector. As I pass the baton, I take pride in the enduring culture of excellence we have built together. Mrs. Lamikanra’s appointment represents a seamless continuation of this legacy; her integrity, professionalism, and wealth of experience will ensure that Leadway continues to grow stronger and advance firmly into its next chapter of success.”

Under General Agwai’s stewardship, Leadway Assurance achieved significant milestones, including restructuring into a holding company, expanding across West Africa, and solidifying its position as one of the West Africa’s most trusted financial services institutions. His tenure will be remembered for stability, innovation, and a commitment to governance excellence. His exit, after his successful tenure, reinforces Leadway’s penchant for uploading good governance principles.

Speaking on her appointment, Mrs. Lamikanra expressed gratitude and optimism about the company’s future. “I am deeply honoured to assume this responsibility at such a pivotal moment in Leadway Assurance’s journey. The organization’s legacy of trust and innovation, built over five decades, continues to inspire confidence in Nigeria’s financial ecosystem”, she said.

She expressed gratitude to her predecessor, Gen (Rtd.) Martin Luther Agwai, recognizing his outstanding leadership and mentorship skills in steering the affairs of the Board during his tenure as the Board Chairperson.

She further called on the Board, management, and all stakeholders to collaborate and work together in strengthening the Leadway legacy, driving sustainable growth, advancing digital transformation while reinforcing Leadway’s role as a catalyst for financial inclusion and economic development.

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Zakariyau Charges Journalists To Uphold Professional Ethics

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By Sola Alabadan

The Chairman of FBS Reinsurance Limited, Mr. Bala Zakariyau has advised journalists to continue upholding the ethics of journalism profession, bearing in mind that journalism can make or mar a man.

Zakariyau, who spoke when representatives of the Nigerian Association Of Insurance and Pension Editors (NAIPE) presented the 2025 Appreciation Awards to him in Lagos recently, said he was doing what he felt should be done all the while, without knowing that a body of journalists was observant of his activities.

He expressed his passion for the growth and development of insurance industry, especially, assuring that he is ever ready to support every stakeholder, including journalists, critical to the future of the sector.

While appreciating insurance journalists who have been reporting the sector for decades during good and bad times, he said: “the advice I would give you is to continue doing journalism in the most ethical way. The point I would like to emphasise is to continue to do the things that you are doing in the most ethical way. Journalism can make or mar a man, but be the one who uses journalism to make a man because history don’t forget people of such virtue.

“And the pretentional race is now becoming even more serious because of the digital environment we operate in through social media and once you say something bad about somebody, it goes viral. To me, if I am a journalist and I sent somebody through that stress, I may not be able to sleep. So, honestly I thank you very much on behalf of my colleagues on the board of FBS Re. ”

Earlier, the chairman of the 2025 NAIPE Annual Conference, Mr. Roland Okoro commended Zakariyau for changing the face of the industry and some innovations he brought on board during his time as the president of the Chartered Insurance Institute of Nigeria (CIIN). He also appreciated his professionalism and managerial acumen as the managing director/CEO of the defunct Niger Insurance Plc, as well as other positions he occupied in the industry.

Similarly, the chairperson of NAIPE, Mrs. Nkechi Naeche-Esezobor said, he was found worthy as one of the six personalities who deserve to be commended for their selfless service to the nation’s insurance industry, as the association celebrate 10 years of the annual conference, adding that, ‘the consensus was that you deserve this award looking at your pedigree and impacts you have had and continue to have in the insurance landscape.’

According to her, “the Association counts you worthy of its highly esteemed award, following your track records as the former President of the Chartered Insurance Institute of Nigeria(CIIN) and leadership role across the industry including as MD/ Chairman of renowned Insurance Companies, including FBS Re, where you are currently the Chairman.”

Zakariyau has over 40 years of experience in the insurance sector in Nigeria and has served on the Boards of more than 20 national and multinational institutions. He is a Fellow of the Chartered Insurance Institute of Nigeria, Fellow of Nigeria Institute of Management, Fellow of the Institute of Marketing and Fellow of the Institute
of Directors.

He is the current President of Lagos
Business School (AMP4) and a member of the Governing Council of the Alumni Association (LBSAA). He was a Past President of the Chartered Insurance Institute of Nigeria. He holds an Associateship of the Chartered Insurance Institute of the UK and a Masters degree in Business Administration.

He has held various Senior and Management positions in the insurance sector before joining Niger Insurance Plc as a General Manager (Technical) in 1993. Due to the recognition of his professionalism and hard work, he quickly rose to the Executive Director Position that same year.

In 1997, he was appointed Managing Director of the company. After nine years of successfully heading the company’s affairs, he was appointed as Chairman of the company’s Board in 2006. He retired in December 2015 after 22 years of meritorious service to Niger Insurance.

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STI Boss Counsels Nigerians To Be Safety Conscious

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The Managing Director of Sovereign Trust Insurance Plc, Olaotan Soyinka has called on Nigerians to be cautious and safety-conscious during this period of the ‘ember’ months so as to safeguard lives and properties.

Olaotan stated that the possession of insurance policies should not be a reason for carelessness by holders of such policies.
He said “while it is generally known that accidents are common during the ‘ember’ months as a result of increased activities during the period with people rushing to meet up with their goals as the year rounds up, it is advisable that even in the midst of such activities, we should still exercise caution so that we do not get involved in unnecessary mishaps that could have been averted.”

Soyinka added that “while it is not in dispute that insurance helps to mitigate against risks, it should not be taken as a license to throw caution to the wind and be careless.”
He cautioned that rather, insurance should be seen as a respite in case of the unforeseen and inevitable.

It is widely known that cases of motor crashes, fire outbreaks and other perils are usually on the increase during the last months of the year, hence the need for caution to be exercised by all and sundry so as to prevent such misfortunes.

Sovereign Trust, a company listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange commenced business on Jan 2, 1995 and has a network of offices spread across major commercial cities in the country. The company’s expertise is tailored towards non-life insurance products that include Motor Insurance, Fire and Property Insurance, Consequential Loss, All Risks, Houseowners/Householders’ Insurance, Burglary/Housebreaking, Professional Indemnity, Marine and Aviation Insurance, Personal Accident, Fidelity Guarantee, Cash-In-Transit, Products Liability, Machinery Breakdown, Contractor’s All Risk, Hulls and Passengers, Oil and Gas and a host of other policies under the stable of the organization.

The Underwriting Firm drives its operations with top-notch technology with great emphasis on human capital development and career advancement for members of its staff.

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